pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA çpPOLE`tPO``u`rPADPF aAvhPFnPL, 2005 E`kPP ePHPM ukPPnPL?

mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP çpPOLE`tPO E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL u`rPA``uDPF E`HPE`BPOnÔP aAvhPFnPL çpPOLcPFE`lPtPO TPAkPPA sPF``uñPLoPF tPOÿA``udPLrP sFUrP¾PPArP jPL``unPLz ePvhPF nPLtUOnPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA çpPOLE`tPO``u`rPADPF aAvhPFnPL (``uwPOA``umPFE`ãOFWvPFkPP BPOA``u`bPLA``ulPÓOLsLP azAÁPO) çpPOLHPtPOY``unPLrP E`kPP ukPPAnPL çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL E`CPFlP?

ePtPOE`dPLnPL E`HPE`BPOnÔP kPPArP``uNP, uyPmPFnPL uKPArP``upPOLA``uSPFrP aTPY, sPFÙPOA``unPLrP uhPFfPOAjPLtPO, atPOzAcPFArP E`nPLHPArPNP, sPFÈOLpPOLEÀoP`L nPLêPL hPFoPFbPLArP jPL``unPLz ¾PPE`tPOFpOLZrPNP, wvPO``u©CPFdPL çpPOLE`tPO``u`rPADPF, eP sPFmPFéPF E`kPPCUFrP jPL``unPLzvhPF mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP FpOLÖTPkPP FpOLÖTPkPP mPFAmPFlPA dPLA``u`bPLrP kPPrP``utPO hPFtPOP| eP``utPO sPFmPFbPL oPF aTPY, dLUvhPF-vhPF uHPESPF lPAgPOtPOP| ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL sPFmPFéPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPO ePkPPE`WvPFmPFAÀeOL` aE`BPO``uyPAgPO pPOL``uÀeOL`rP mPFADPFz``umPF jPLAnPLA``unPLA yPA``uHPP| fPO``ulP çpPOLE`tPOkPPArP ædPqtPO hPF``uHPP|

E`kPP DPFrP``uNPrP atPOzAcPFArP ePvhPF nPLtUOnPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA çpPOLE`tPO``u`rPADPF aAvhPF``unPLrP (``uwPOA``umPFE`ãOFWvPFkPP BPOA``u`bPLA``ulPÓOLsLP azAÁPO) aAoPFtPOAbPL pPOL``uwxPF?

wvPOÀoP`LrP: SPFArPQE`rPkPP oPF mPFAnPLE`sPFkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL utPOA HP``uWvPFvhPF, ePCPFAwxPFA uyP´nPL, umPF´EKPkPP, oPF aAETPYkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP ucPFA``uKP dPLLÕPLnPLQbPLP| ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP tPOÿArP vhPF``u©CPFrP E`HPrPq``uªPì ujPLArP kPP``u`rP E`HP``u`bPL udPLoPFbPLA HPA tPOÿArP pPOLCPF``uÓOdPrP mPFAnFUXP``ukPP E`HP``u`bPL nPLA kPPrP``utPO udPLoPFbPLA, ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP aSPFAlPQnPL BPOAXPAbPL gPOAlPAgPOAE`lP kPPrPA, HPzËP-E`HPædPqpPOL kPPrPA, FpOLUÀeOL`sPFÙPOAnPL nPLA hPFoPFbPLArP jPL``unPLz HPA kPPnPLzAsPFÙPOAnPL hPFoPFbPLArP jPL``unPLz tPOÿA``ukPP gPOÑPnPLA udPLoPFbPLA, sPFÙPOAnPL nPLA hPFoPFbPLArP jPL``unPLz apPOLmPFAnPL kPPrPA, HPA``upPOLrP HPAE`wxPF uTP``ukPP pPOLNP udPLoPFbPLA hPFbPL E`nPL HPA kPPmPF udPLoPFbPLA hPF``u`bPL``uCPF HP``ulP mPFArPDPFrP, gPOAE`lPgPOAlPAjPL kPPrPA, eP sPFHP E`kPPCUFvhPF SPFArPQE`rPkPP, mPFAnPLE`sPFkPP, umPF´EKPkPP, HPA aA``uHPgPOgPOtPO E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL E`hPF``usPF``uHP DPFrPA hPF``uHPP|

ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP gOÖhPFcUFztPO kPPrPArP jPL``unPLz BPOAwxPFA HPAE`wxPF``utPO BPOAwxPFA udPLoPFbPLA HPÓ÷Pì kPPrPA, tPOÿA``ukPP cPFAkPPE`rP HPA kPPAjPL uCPF``uwxPF E`dPL``utPO HPADPFz kPPrPA, tPOÿArP BPOrPNP``upPOLAXP``uNPrP dPLAE`bPLñPL nPLA unPLoPFbPLA, HPAE`wxPF``utPO TPAkPPA sPF``uñPLoPF KPAHPArP, oPFXUDPFpPOLÀeOL`, jPLAmPFAkPPApPOLwxPF, vhPFtPOzAE`dPL uTP``ukPP HPEÏPOtPO kPPrPA, mPFE`hPFlPAE`WvPFrP amPF``utPO tPOÿArP wvPOpPOLAjPLYnPL E`CPFE`nPL``u`bPL unPLoPFbPLA, ePsPFHP aAETPYkPP atPOzAcPFArP E`hPF``usPF``uHP E`cPFE`þPFtPO hPF``u`bPL``uCPFP|

ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPArP EçpPOLbPL ESPFSFU HPA tPOÿArP aAdPL``u`rPrP anPLz kPPAwvPO``ukPP SPFArPQE`rPkPP E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP hUFmPFE`kPP udPLoPFbPLA, ESPFSFU``udPLrP ujPLArP kPP``u`rP ãFFkFUOlP HPA kPP``ulPjPL uTP``ukPP CPFAE`wxPF``u`bPL unPLoPFbPLA, tPOA``udPLrP uyP´nPL E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL kPPrPA, HPA mPFE`hPFlPAE`WvPF``ukPP sPFÙPOAnPLsPFhPF ujPLArP kPP``u`rP HPAE`wxPF``utPO aAWvPFkPP kPPrPA, ePsPFHP pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA çpPOLE`tPO``u`rPADPF aAvhPF``unPLrP aAoPFtPOAbPL pPOL``uwxPFP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP ePEÀoPLÝbPLArP (jULE`rPsPFE`wPOkPPSPFnPL) E`kPP?

çpPOLTPmPF u`çLSPFNPQrP jULE`wPOE`sPFbPLAlP mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF HPA umPF``uæWvPFApPOLE`lPWvPFAnPL mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPF``uWvPFrP kPPA``uCPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPO jPLAnPLA``utPO hPF``uHPP| E`nPL``ucPF ulPKPA ëPOAnPLgOUE`lP``utPO aE`BPO``uyPAgPO jPLAnPLA``unPLA cPFlP``uHP:

(kPP) uyP ePlPAkPPAbPL E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA mPFE`hPFlPA ëPOAbPLQ HPsPFHPAsPF kPP``u`rPnPL, sPFAmPFE`bPLkPP BPOA``uHP HPsPFHPAsPF kPPrP``uCPFnPL, HPA ukPPAnPL cPFAkPPE`rP HPA HPzHPsPFA kPPrP``uCPFnPL usPFKPAnPLkPPArP ePlPAkPPAHPtPOYQ aAdPLAlP``utPO;

HPA

(KP) uyPKPA``unPL apPOLrPpPOL¾PP (E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ) HPsPFHPAsPF kPP``u`rPnPL HPA uyPKPA``unPL E`tPOE`nPL cPFAkPPE`rP HPA HPzHPsPFA kPP``u`rPnPL;

HPA

(gPO) uyPKPA``unPL E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP GPLWvPFnPLAgOUE`lP GPL``uWvPF``uCPFP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL mPFE`hPFlPArPA E`kPP mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP E`HPrPq``uªPì aE`BPO``uyPAgPO jPLAnPLA``utPO pPOLArP``uHPnPL?

nPLAP| ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL anPLz ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPArP E`HPrPq``uªPì ukPPAnPL aE`BPO``uyPAgPO jPLAnPLA``unPLA yPA``uHP nPLAP| ePkPPmPFAÀeOL` pPOLE`rPHPA``u`rPrP FpOLUrPqXP sPFdPLsPFz``udPLrP E`HPrPq``uªPìvhPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPO jPLAnPLA``unPLA cPFlP``uHPP|

BPOArPtPOQbPL dPLLÕPLE`HPEDPF 498-eP-rP (vhPFELÕPLbPLAnPL upPOLnPLAlP ukPPAwPO) sPF``uËP ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP E`kPP pPOLATPYkPPz aA``uCPF?

BPOArPtPOQbPL dPLLÕPLE`HPEDPF 498-eP DPFArPArP uTP``ukPP ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP pPOLE`rPEDPF a``unPLkPP uHPESPF E`HPéÖFtPOP| ãO÷PAmPFQ HPA SL÷PSFUrPHPAwxPFQrP sPFdPLsPFz``udPLrP hPFA``utPO pPOL``uNPrP jPL``unPLz E`HPHPAE`hPFtPO mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP SPFArPQE`rPkPP HPA mPFAnPLE`sPFkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL rPqKP``utPO BPOArPtPOQbPL dPLLÕPLE`HPEDPF 498-eP û``utPOE`rP kPPrPA hPF``u`bPL``uCPFP| E`kPPÙUO ePvhPF ufPO´jPLdPLArPQ aAvhPF``unPL sPFHP mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP FpOLZNPY E`nPLrPApPOLÀoP`LA udPLoPFbPLA sPFÆPFHP nPLbPLP| ePvhPF nPLtUOnPL aAvhPF``unPL HPDFZrPA utPOA HP``uWvPFvhPF ePCPFAwxPFA mPFA, aE`HPHPAE`hPFtPOA uHPAnPL, E`HPDPFHPA uHP´E`dPL, sPFkPP``ulPvhPF sFUrP¾PPA pPOLA``uHPnPLP| SFUDFU tPOAvhPF nPLbPL, E`HP``u`bPL nPLA kPP``u`rPoPF uyP mPFE`hPFlPArPA uçpPOLE`mPF``ukPPrP sPF``uËP ePkPP sPF``uËP TPA``ukPPnPL tPOÿArPAoPF E`nPLrPApPOLÀoP`LA pPOLA``uHPnPLP| eP u¾PP``uÀeOL` FpOLUrPqXP sPFËPQ HPA uçpPOLE`mPFkPP yPE`dPL E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL kPP``u`rPnPL, tPOÿArP SPFAE`éPF hPF``uHPP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP fPO``ulP aE`BPO``uyPAgPO kPPtPOE`dPL``unPLrP mPF``uDPFz E`nPLäOpPFEÀoP`L hPF``uHP?

mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPF``uWvPFrP kPPA``uCPF E`lPEKPtPO aA``uHPdPLnPL kPPrPArP pPOL``u`rP aE`BPO``uyPAgPOpPOLÀeOL` pPOLAoPFbPLArP E`dPLnPL uTP``ukPP E`tPOnPLE`dPL``unPLrP mPF``uDPFz çpPOLTPmPF SFUnPLAE`nPLrP E`dPLnPL DPFAyPY kPPrPA hPF``uHPP| aA``uHPdPLnPLkPPArPQ mPFE`hPFlPA uyP E`HPXP``u`bPL sFUrPAhPFA cPFAnPL usPFE`WvPF çpPOLTPmPF SFUnPLAE`nPLrP E`dPLnPL uTP``ukPP XPAWvPF E`dPL``unPLrP mPF``uDPFz sPFMEÂLSPFêPL mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF aAvhPFnPLgPOtPO aA``udPLSPF (awPOYArP) E`dPL``u`bPL E`nPLäOpPFEÀoP`L kPPrPArP ucPFêPLA kPPrP``uHPnPLP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL apPOLrPADPFQrP E`kPP DPFrP``unPLrP SPFAE`éPFrP E`HPDPFAnPL aA``uCPF?

çpPOLTP``umPFvhPF mPF``unPL rPAKPA dPLrPkPPArP uyP ePvhPF aAvhPFnPL SPFAE`éPFmFZlPkPP aAvhPFnPL nPLbPLP| E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ``ukPP SPFAE`éPF udPLoPFbPLA HPA dPLmPFnPL kPPrPAvhPF ePrP mFZKPz wvPO``uöPSPFz nPLbPLP| eP``utPO E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP uyP mPFAnPLE`HPkPP aEDPFkPPArP KPHPY kPPrPA hPF``u`bPL``uCPF usPFvhPF aEDPFkPPArPgOUE`lP tPOÿA``ukPP E`fPOE`rP``u`bPL udPLoPFbPLA ePHPM tPOÿArP E`nPLbPLE`mPFtPO sFUrP¾PPArP oPFpPOLrP ujPLArP udPLoPFbPLA hPF``u`bPL``uCPFP| ePvhPF aAvhPFnPLE`WvPF ePkPPE`WvPF udPLoPFbPLAnPLQ aAvhPFnPLP| yPE`dPL E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ HPzEÀoPLÝ mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPF``uWvPFrP udPLoPFbPLA sFUrP¾PPA aA¸PPA açLgPFAhPFz kPP``u`rP ePHPM E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL cPFAE`lP``u`bPL yPAbPL, tPO``uHP ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP ucPFA``uKP tPOA ufPO´jPLdPLArPQ apPOLrPADPF HP``ulP gPONPz hPF``uHPP| usPFvhPF apPOLrPADPF jPLAE`mPFnPL a``uyPAgPOz hPF``uHP ePHPM uçLgPFfPOtPOArPQ pPOL``u`rPAbPLAnPLA CPFAwxPFAvhPF (kPPgLÔPAvhPF``ujPLHPlP - cognizable) FpOLUE`lPSPF aE`BPOyUÀoPLÝ``ukPP uçLgPFfPOtPOArP kPPrP``utPO pPOLArP``uHPP| mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPF``uWvPFrP jPLAE`rP kPPrPA sFUrP¾PPA E`nPL``udPLYSPF (Protection Order) açLgPFAhPFz kPPrP``ulP usPFvhPF ufPO´jPLdPLArPQ apPOLrPA``uDPFrP jPL``unPLz E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP ePkPP HPCPFrP pPOLyPYÙPO kPPArPAHPAsPF oPF sPFHPYAEDPFkPP kFUOE`wxPF hPFAjPLArP WvPFAkPPA pPOLyPYÙPO jPLE`rPmPFAnPLA kPPrPA hPF``uHPP|

sFUrP¾PPA E`nPL``udPLYSPF (protection order) E`kPP?

E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA mPFE`hPFlPArP aE`BPO``uyPAgPO pPOLAoPFbPLArP pPOL``u`rP mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF apPOLrPpPOL¾PP``ukPP aAdPLAlP``utPO hPFAE`jPLrP hPFoPFbPLArP jPL``unPLz unPLAE`WvPFSPF udPL``uHPnPLP| apPOLrPpPOL¾PP eP``ulP dLUpPOL``u¾PPrP SFUnPLAE`nPLrP pPOL``u`rP yPE`dPL E`tPOE`nPL çpPOLATPE`mPFkPPBPOA``uHP E`nPLE`åcPFtPO hPFnPL uyP pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL GPL``uWvPF``uCPF tPOAhPF``ulP E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP sFUrP¾PPArP jPL``unPLz E`tPOE`nPL E`nPL``udPLYSPF jPLAE`rP kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP| ePvhPF E`nPL``udPLY``uSPF aA¸PPA TPAkPP``uHP uyP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ -

kPP) aArP ukPPAnPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFAòPkPP GPLWvPFnPLA GPLWvPFA``uHPnPL nPLA;
KP) pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP HPzApPOLA``u`rP kPPAwvPO``ukPP sPFAhPFAyPz kPPrP``uHPnPL nPLA HPA wvPOðsPFAhPF udPL``uHPnPL nPLA;
gPO) E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP sPF``uËP ukPPAnPL uyPAgPOA``uyPAgPO rPAKP``uHPnPL nPLAP| aTPYAð E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP E`cPFE`VPF ulPKPA, uWvPFE`lP``ufPOAnPL kPPrPA, HPA kPPTPA HPlPA cPFlP``uHP nPLA;
GPL) E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP ukPPAnPL sPFÈOLpPOLEÀoP`L E`HPEÀePÝ kPPrP``uHPnPL nPLA, ukPPAnPL uyP´TP HPzAÌPO azAkPPAwvPO×FWvPF HPA lPkPPArP uTP``ukPP ulPnPL``udPLnPL kPPrP``uHPnPL nPLA, mPFE`hPFlPArP ãFíPLQDPFnPL E`kPPMHPA uyP´TP mPFAE`lPkPPAnPLArP ukPPAnPL sPFÈOLpPOLEÀoP`L mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPF``uWvPFrP anFUmPFE`tPO CPFAwxPFA hPFéPFAÙPOrP kPPrP``uHPnPL nPLA;
ÊPF) E`nPLyPYE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPA yPE`dPL kPPmPFYrPtPOA hPFnPL, tPOAhPF``ulP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP tPOÿArP kPPmPFYëPO``ulP yPAoPFbPLA E`nPLE`XPªPì hPF``utPO pPOL``u`rPP| ukPPAnPL ESPFSFU``ukPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL kPPrPA hPF``ulP tPOArP ãFFkFUO``ulP yPAoPFbPLArP oPFpPOLrPoPF mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF E`nPL``uXPDPFA¸PPA jPLAE`rP kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL;
cPF) E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP oPFpPOLrP E`nPLBPOYrPSPFQlP ukPPAnPL HPzEÀoPLÝ, ESPFSFU, HPA mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA çpPOLE`tPO``u`rPA``uDPF sPFAhPFAyPz kPP``u`rP``uCPFnPL ePmPFnPL ukPPAnPL HPzEÀoPLÝrP oPFpPOLrP atPOzAcPFArP kPPrP``utPO pPOLArP``uHPnPL nPLA;
CPF) ePCPFAwxPFA sFUrP¾PPA E`nPL``udPLY``uSPF mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF tPOÿArP E`HP``uHPcPFnPLA anFUyPAbPLQ E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP anPLzAnPLz HPzHPhPFArP oPF EÀePÝbPLAkPPmPFYoPF E`nPLE`XPªPì kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

sFUrP¾PPA E`nPL``udPLYSPF (awPOYArP) pPOLAoPFbPLArP jPL``unPLz E`kPP kPPrP``utPO hPF``uHP?

E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPA E`nPL``ujPL, sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFArP (Protection Officer) , aTPHPA ukPPAnPL uãO÷P©CPFA``usPFHPQ sPFMëPOA mPFE`hPFlPArP hPF``u`bPL mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPF``uWvPFrP kPPA``uCPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPO pPOLÀeOL` upPOLSPF kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP| aE`BPO``uyPAgPOpPOL``uÀeOL` mPFE`hPFlPA E`kPP DPFrP``unPLrP HPA E`kPP E`kPP sFUrPAhPFA cPFAvhPF``uCPFnPL ulPKPA TPAkPP``uHPP| aE`BPO``uyPAgPO dPLA``u`bPLrP hPFoPFbPLArP pPOLrP mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF çpPOLTPmPF SFUnPLAE`nPLrP E`dPLnPLE`WvPF DPFAyPY kPPrP``uHPnPL, sPFADPFArPNPBPOA``uHP çpPOLTPmPF SFUnPLAE`nPLrP E`dPLnPLE`WvPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPOpPOLÀeOL` dPLA``u`bPLrP kPPrPArP E`tPOnPLE`dPL``unPLrP mPF``uDPFz DPFAyPY kPPrPA hPF``uHPP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL sFUrP¾PPA (``uçpPOLA``uWvPFkPPSPFnPL) aE`fPOsPFArP HPlP``utPO E`kPP uHPAJPFA``unPLA hPF``u©CPF?

rPAjPLz sPFrPkPPArP çpPOLE`tPOE`WvPF ujPLlPAbPL çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL anFUyPAbPLQ mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP sPFAhPFA``uyPzrP jPL``unPLz sFUrP¾PPA (``uçpPOLA``uWvPFkPPSPFnPL) aE`fPOsPFArP E`nPLyUÀoPLÝ kPPrP``uHPnPLP| ePÿrPA mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP sFUrP¾PPArP kPPAjPL kPPrP``uHPnPL ePHPM ePvhPF aAvhPFnPLE`WvPF HPlPHPð kPPrPArP wvPO``uöP``uSPFz mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF``ukPP sPFAhPFAyPz kPPrP``uHPnPLP|

sFUrP¾PPA (``uçpPOLA``uWvPFkPPSPFnPL) aE`fPOsPFA``u`rPrP E`kPP E`kPP dPLAE`bPLñPL aA``uCPF?

sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFA``u`rPrP çpPOLDPFAnPL kPPAjPL mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF``ukPP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPPrP``uHPnPLP| E`tPOE`nPL ePkPPE`WvPF pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY (``uwPOA``umPFE`ãOFWvPFkPP vhPFnPLE`sPF``uwPOÓFWvPF E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY) û``utPOrPQ kPP``u`rP mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF``ukPP udPL``uHPnPLP| ePvhPF E`rP``upPOLA``uWvPFYrP ePkPP kPPEpPOL E`tPOE`nPL sPFMEÂLSPFêPL ePlPAkPPArP TPAnPLA``utPO dPLAEKPlP kPPrP``uHPnPL ePHPM ePkPP kPPEpPOL eý aÏPO``ulPrP pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA çpPOLdPLAnPLkPPArPQ sPFMëPOA``ukPP (sPFAE`BPOYsPF uçpPOLABPOAvhPFwPOArP) pPOLAVPFA``uHPnPLP| aAmPFA``udPLrP udPL``uSPF aEDPFkPPAMSPF mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP aAETPYkPP sPFAmPFTPYz nPLA TPAkPPAbPL tPOÿArPA sPFADPFArPNPtPO mPFAmPFlPArP KPrPcPF HPhPFnPL kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL nPLAP| E`kPPÙUO çpPOLAE`tPOîPOAE`nPLkPP aAvhPFnPLgPOtPO sPFAhPFAyPz aAvhPFnPL 1987 (E`dPL E`lPgPOAlP sPFAE`BPOY``usPFsPF aTPE`rPE`WvPFsPF azAÁPO 1987) anFUsPFA``u`rP sPFHP mPFE`hPFlPArPA E`HPnPLA KPrP``ucPF aAvhPFnPLjPLQE`HPrP sPFAhPFAyPz oPF mPFAmPFlPA cPFAlPA``unPLArP KPrPcPF upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP| tPOAvhPF sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFArP mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP ePvhPF aAvhPFnPL sPFÈOLpPOL``ukPPY jPLAnPLA``uHPnPL ePHPM çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL mPF``utPOA E`HPnPLA KPrP``ucPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPOpPOLÀeOL` dPLA``u`bPLrP kPPrPArP HPzHPëPOA kPP``u`rP udPL``uHPnPLP|

ePCPFAwxPFA E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA mPFE`hPFlPArP aÏPO``ulP E`kPP E`kPP pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA çpPOLdPLAnPLkPPArPQ sPFMëPOA rP``u`bPL``uCPF ePHPM tPOArPA E`kPP DPFrP``unPLrP pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA udPLnPL tPOArP ePkPPE`WvPF tPOAE`lPkPPAoPF sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFArP rPAKP``uHPnPLP| mPFE`hPFlPArP yPE`dPL aA`çLSPFbPL aAHPA``usPFrP çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL hPFbPL tPOAhPF``ulP sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFArP usPFvhPF HPzHPëPOAoPF kPP``u`rP udPL``uHPnPLP| E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP fPO``ulP mPFE`hPFlPArP yPE`dPL wPOAÀoPLÝArPQ pPOLrPQ¾PPA ePHPM E`cPFE`kPPðsPFArP çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL hPFbPL tPOAhPF``ulP usPF HPzHPëPOAoPF sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFArP kPP``u`rP udPL``uHPnPLP|

E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPA aAETPYkPP sFUrPAhPFArP (``uyPmPFnPL ¾PPE`tPOFpOLZrPNP HPA uKPArP``upPOLASPF) E`nPL``udPLYSPF upPOL``ulP usPFvhPF aA``udPLSPF yPTPAyPTP pPOLAE`lPtPO hPF``u©CPF E`kPPnPLA aTPYAð mPFE`hPFlPA WvPFAkPPA pPOLbPLsPFA E`VPFkPPmPFtPO pPOLA``u©CPFnPL E`kPPnPLA usPFoPF sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFArP udPLKP``uHPnPLP|

pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY (``uwPOA``umPFE`ãOFWvPFkPP vhPFE`ÓOLsLP``uwPO×FWvPF E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY) HPlP``utPO E`kPP uHPAJPFAbPL?

ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPA yPE`dPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP ESPFkPPArP hPF``u`bPL``uCPFnPL HP``ulP aE`BPO``uyPAgPO kPP``u`rPnPL tPOAhPF``ulP ePvhPF aAvhPFnPL anFUyPAbPLQ E`tPOE`nPL E`kPP DPFrP``unPLrP pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP ESPFkPPArP hPF``u`bPL``uCPFnPL tPOArP E`HPéPFAE`rPtPO E`HPHPrPNP E`lPKP``utPO hPF``uHPP| aAvhPFnPL anFUyPAbPLQ E`nPLDPFAYE`rPtPO HPbPLA``unPL ePHPM E`nPLE`dPLYêPL BPOA``uHP ePvhPF E`HPHPrPNP û``utPOrPQ kPPrP``utPO hPFbPLP| eP``ukPP HP``ulP pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY (``uwPOA``umPFE`ãOFWvPFkPP vhPFE`ÓOLsLP``uwPO×FWvPF E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY)P|

pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA çpPOLdPLAnPLkPPArPQ (sPFAE`BPOYsPF uçpPOLABPOAvhPFwPOArP) HPlP``utPO E`kPP uHPAJPFAbPL?

pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA çpPOLdPLAnPLkPPArPQ sPFMëPOAgOUE`lP``ukPP sPFMëPOA u`rPE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFSPFnPL aAvhPFnPL (``usPFAsPFAvhPFE`WvPFjPL u`rPE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFSPFnPL azAÁPO) anFUyPAbPLQ ãO÷PQkFÖOtPO hPF``utPO hPF``uHPP| ukPPAnPL sPFMgPOVPFnPL ukPPAÈOLpPOLAnPLQjPL azAÁPOO-eP ãO÷PQkFÖOtPO hPF``ulPoPF pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA E`dPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA çpPOLdPLAnPLkPPArPQ sPFMëPOAgOUE`lPrP BZOE`mPFlPA E`kPP?

ePÿ``udPLrP kPPAjPL:

kPP) atPOzAcPFAE`rPtPO mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP aAvhPFnPLAnFUgPO pPOLªPìE`tPO``utPO sFUrP¾PPA udPLoPFbPLA oPF tPOÿA``udPLrP aEDPFkPPArP ePHPM ãO÷PATPY rP¾PPA kPPrPAP| mPFE`hPFlPA``udPLrP aAvhPFE`nPL sPFAhPFAyPz, wPOAÀoPLÝAE`rP sPFAhPFAyPz, aA`çLSPFbPL, vhPFtPOzAE`dPLrP HPzApPOLA``u`rP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPPrPA;
KP) pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY (``uwPOA``umPFE`ãOFWvPFkPP vhPFE`ÓOLsLP``uwPO×FWvPF E`rP``upPOLAWvPFY) û``utPOE`rP kPP``u`rP usPFvhPF E`rP``upPOLA``uWvPFYrP kPPEpPOL ePlPAkPPArP mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF ePHPM sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFA``u`rPrP kPPA``uCPF pPOLAVPFA``unPLA;
gPO) E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL hPF``ulP tPOÿArP wPOAÀoPLÝAE`rP pPOLrPQ¾PPA kPPE`rP``u`bPL tPOArP E`rP``upPOLA``uWvPFYrP kPPEpPOL usPFvhPF ePlPAkPPArP sFUrP¾PPA aE`fPOsPFArP ePHPM sPFMEÂLSPFêPL TPAnPLAbPL pPOLAVPFA``unPLA;
GPL) yPE`dPL çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL hPFbPL tPOAhPF``ulP mPFE`hPFlPAE`WvPF``ukPP aA`çLSPFbPL aAHPA``usPF TPAkPPArP HPzHPëPOA kPP``u`rP udPLoPFbPLAP| E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP aA`çLSPFbPL aAHPA``usPF TPAkPPArP E`HPXPbPLE`WvPF uyP ePlPAkPPAbPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP GPLWvPFnPLA GPL``uWvPF``uCPF usPFvhPF ePlPAkPPArP TPAnPLAbPL jPLAE`nPL``u`bPL rPAKPAP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL ``uSPFbPLAwPOY hPFAwvPOsPF``uhPFAÃOOwOP - (Shared household ) HPlP``utPO E`kPP uHPAJPFAbPL?

ePrP mPFA``unPL uyP HPAwxPFQ``utPO E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA mPFE`hPFlPA HPAsPF kPP``u`rPnPL; E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP sPF``uËP sPFÈOLpPOLkPPY TPAkPPAkPPAlPQnPL ukPPAnPL sPFmPF``u`bPL HPsPFHPAsPF kPP``u`rP``uCPFnPL; E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP sPF``uËP sPFÈOLpPOLkPPY TPAkPPAkPPAlPQnPL ukPPAnPL sPFmPF``u`bPL ePkPPA HPAsPF kPP``u`rP``uCPFnPL; mPFAE`lPkPP E`kPPÈ÷PA BPOAwxPFA``uWvPF E`hPF``usPF``uHP uyP´TP HPA ePkPPkPPBPOA``uHP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP sPF``uËP HPsPFHPAsPF kPP``u`rPnPL; aTPHPA uyP HPAE`wxPF uyP´TP pPOLE`rPHPA``u`rPrP mPFAE`lPkPPAnPLADPFQnPL ePHPM E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ usPFvhPF uyP´TP pPOLE`rPHPA``u`rPrP sPFdPLsPFzP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL HPsPFHPA``usPFrP E`nPL``udPLYSPF (``u`rPE`sPF``uwPOÓOLsLP awPOYArP) HPlP``utPO E`kPP uHPAJPFAbPL?

ePtPOE`dPLnPL yPÿArPA nPLQrP``uHP atPOzAcPFArP sPFhPFz kPP``u`rP``uCPFnPL HPA sPFÙPOAnPL``udPLrP mFUKP ucPF``u`bPL cUFpPOL kPP``u`rP uTP``ukPP``uCPFnPL ePvhPF BPO``u`bPL uyP çpPOLE`tPOHPAdPL kPPrP``ulP sPFÙPOAnPLsPFhPF tPOÿA``udPLrP HPAéUFcUFztPO kPPrPA hPF``uHP, tPOÿArPA ePvhPF HPsPFHPA``usPFrP E`nPL``udPLY``uSPFrP mPFADPFz``umPF (``u`rPE`sPF``uwPOÓOLsLP awPOYArP) sFUrPAhPFA pPOLA``uHPnPLP| ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL ãPOpPOLêPL kPP``u`rP HPlPA aA``uCPF uyP E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPA uyPKPA``unPLvhPF TPAkFUOnPL, usPFvhPF sPFÈOLpPOLEÀoP`L``utPO tPOÿArP mPFAE`lPkPPAnPLA TPAkFUOkPP HPA nPLA TPAkFUOkPP ujPLArP kPP``u`rP rPAtPOArPAE`tPO tPOÿA`ukPP rPAéPFAbPL uHPrP kPP``u`rP udPLoPFbPLA yPA``uHP nPLAP| HPrPM u¾PPÀeOL`E`HP``uSPF``uXP aAdPLAlPtPO E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ``ukPP anPLz ukPPATPAoPF sPF``u`rP yPAHPArP E`HP``uSPFXP aA``udPLSPF E`dPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP| E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ HPAE`wxPFE`WvPF E`HPEÀePÝ HPA anPLz ukPPAnPLBPOA``uHP hPFéPFAÙPOE`rPtPO yPA``utPO nPLA kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL - tPOArP aA``udPLSPF hPF``utPO pPOL``u`rPP| çpPOL``u`bPLAjPL``unPL E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP anPLz ukPPAnPL HPAsPFëPOA``unPLrP HPzHPëPOA kPP``u`rP udPLoPFbPLA HPA tPOÿArP HPAE`wxPF BPOAwxPFA udPLoPFbPLArP dPLAE`bPLñPL mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP oPFpPOLrP nPLzéPF kPPrPArP aA``udPLSPF E`dPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL ¾PPE`tPOFpOLZrPNP aA``udPLSPF (kPP``uÈOLpPOLnPL``usPFSPFnPL awPOYArP) HPlP``utPO E`kPP uHPAJPFAbPL?

pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP kPPArP``uNP ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPArP SPFArPQE`rPkPP ¾PPE`tPO hPF``ulP, tPOÿArP ukPPAnPL mPFAnPLE`sPFkPP aAGPLAtPO lPAgPO``ulP, HPA aA``uHPgPOjPLE`nPLtPO kPPArP``uNP ¾PPE`tPO hPF``ulP mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ``ukPP ¾PPE`tPOFpOLZrPNP udPLoPFbPLArP aA``udPLSPF E`dPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP| u¾PPÀeOL`E`HP``uSPF``uXP anPLzAnPLz E`HPXP``u`bPL aA``udPL``uSPFrP oPFpPOLrP aE`tPOE`rPÀoPLÝBPOA``uHPoPF mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF ePvhPF aA``udPLSPF E`dPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL E`kPP aÙPOHPYtPOYQ aA``udPLSPF udPLoPFbPLArP HPzHPëPOA aA``uCPF E`kPP?

yPE`dPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP GPLWvPFnPLA sPFÈOLpPOL``ukPPY aE`BPO``uyPAgPOpPOLÀeOL` pPOLAoPFbPLArP pPOL``u`rP mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF mPF``unPL kPP``u`rPnPL uyP çpPOLATPE`mPFkPPBPOA``uHP ukPPAnPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP GPLWvPFnPLA GPL``uWvPF``uCPF HPA E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ ukPPAnPL E`hPFMsPFAòPkPP aAcPFrPNP kPPrP``uHP ePmPFnPL aASPFÌPOA rP``u`bPL``uCPF, tPOAhPF``ulP E`tPOE`nPL E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP hPFlPfPOnPLAmPFArP E`BPOEÀoP`L``utPO aÙPOHPtPOYQ aA``udPLSPF E`dPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL uyP aA``udPLSPF udPLoPFbPLA hPF``uHP tPOArP E`HPrPq``uªPì aAEpPOL``ulPrP ukPPAnPL sFU``uyPAgPO aA``uCPF E`kPP?

mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF E`nPL``udPLYSPF udPLoPFbPLArP pPOL``u`rP usPFvhPF aA``udPLSPF pPOLAoPFbPLArP E`dPLnPL uTP``ukPP EÀeOL`SPF E`dPL``unPLrP mPF``uDPFz aE`BPO``uyPAgPOkPPArPQ mPFE`hPFlPA HPA E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ wvPO©LcPFtPOrP aAdPLAlP``utPO (``usPFSPFÓOLsLP ukPPAWvPFY) aAEpPOLlP kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL E`kPP ePkPPtPOrPfPOA aA``udPLSPF udPLoPFbPLArP HPzHPëPOA aA``uCPF?

aE`BPO``uyPAgPOpPOL``uÀeOL`rP E`BPOEÀoP`L``utPO mPFzAE`jPL``uãOLæWvPFWvPF yPE`dPL mPF``unPL kPP``u`rPnPL uyP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQ HPA apPOLrPpPOL¾PP pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFArP GPLWvPFnPLA GPLWvPFA``u©CPFnPL, pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFAòPkPP GPLWvPFnPLA GPL``uWvPF``uCPF, aTPHPA GPLWvPFHPArP yP``uTPêPL sPFÆPFAHPnPLA rP``u`bPL``uCPF, tPOAhPF``ulP E`tPOE`nPL aE`BPO``uyPAgPOkPPAE`rPnPLQ mPFE`hPFlPArP hPFlPfPOnPLAmPFA ãO÷PQkPPArP kPP``u`rP E`nPL``u`bPL sFUrP¾PPA, HPAsPFgOÖhPFF, sPFÙPOA``unPLrP uhPFfPOAjPLtPO, vhPFtPOzAE`dPL sPFÈOLpPOL``ukPPY ePkPPtPOrPfPOA aA``udPLSPF jPLAE`rP kPPrP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

yPE`dPL ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPA anPLzAnPLz çpPOLcPFE`lPtPO aAvhPFnPL anFUyPAbPLQ E`nPLyPYAtPOnPLkPPArPQrP E`HPrPq``uªPì mPFAmPFlPA kPP``u`rP TPA``ukPPnPL tPOAhPF``ulP E`kPP E`tPOE`nPL ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP sPFAhPFAyPz E`nPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL?

aHPSPFzvhPFP| yPE`dPL ukPPAnPL mPFE`hPFlPA anPLzAnPLz çpPOLcPFE`lPtPO aAvhPFnPL anFUyPAbPLQ apPOLrPpPOL``u¾PPrP E`HPrPq``uªPì mPFAmPFlPA kPP``u`rP TPA``ukPPnPL tPOAhPF``ulP usPFvhPF mPFAmPFlPA cPFlPAkPPAlPQnPL aHPëPOAbPL E`tPOE`nPL yPE`dPL pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA ªPArPA ¾PPE`tPOçLgPFëPO hPFnPL tPOAhPF``ulP E`tPOE`nPL aHPSPFzvhPF ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP sPFAhPFAyPz E`nPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

aAmPFA``udPLrP udPL``uSPF aEDPFkPPAMSPF mPFE`hPFlPArPA aAETPYkPPBPOA``uHP ãO÷PE`nPLBPOYrP hPFnPL nPLAP| tPOAhPF``ulP tPOÿArPA E`kPP BPOA``uHP aAvhPF``unPLrP sPFAhPFAyPz unPL``uHPnPL? mPFAmPFlPArP ukPPAnPL KPrPcPFvhPF HPA cPFAlPA``uHPnPL E`kPP kPP``u`rP?

a``unPLkPP mPFE`hPFlPArP mFUKP HU``ujPL atPOzAcPFArP sPFhPFz kPPrPArP çpPOLDPFAnPL kPPArPNP uyP tPOÿArPA aAETPYkPPBPOA``uHP dLUHPYlP ePHPM ãO÷PE`nPLBPOYrP nPLnPLP|

yPÿA``udPLrP aAETPYkPP sPFAmPFTPY unPLvhPF tPOÿA``udPLrP E`HPnPLA KPrP``ucPF aAvhPFE`nPL sPFAhPFAyPz udPLHPrP jPL``unPLz rP``u`bPL``uCPF çpPOLAE`tPOîPOAE`nPLkPP aAvhPFnPLgPOtPO sPFAhPFAyPz aAvhPFnPL 1987 (E`dPL E`lPgPOAlP sPFAE`BPOY``usPFsPF aTPE`rPE`WvPFsPF azAÁPO 1987)P| ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL E`nPL``udPLYSPF udPLoPFbPLA rP``u`bPL``uCPF E`HPnPLA KPrP``ucPF aAvhPFE`nPL sPFAhPFAyPz kPPArPA pPOLA``uHPnPL ePHPM kPPQ pPOLªPìE`tPO``utPO ePvhPF aAvhPFE`nPL sPFhPFAbPLtPOA udPLoPFbPLA hPF``uHPP| ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPL ãPOpPOLêPL kPP``u`rP wvPO``u`ÂlPKP kPPrPA hPF``u`bPL``uCPF uyP çpPOL``utPOzkPP mPFE`hPFlPA, tPOÿArP E`nPLjPLãO÷P u`rPAjPLgPOArP TPAkPP HPA nPLA TPAkPP aTPHPA tPOÿArP sPFAmPFAE`jPLkPP aHPëPOAnPL uyPmPFnPLvhPF uhPFAkPP E`tPOE`nPL sPFHPsPFmPFbPL E`HPnPLA KPrP``ucPF aAvhPFE`nPL sPFAhPFAyPz pPOLA``uHPnPLP| yPE`dPL ukPPAnPL E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPArP aAdPLAlP``utPO EgPO``u`bPL mPFAmPFlPA cPFAlPA``unPLArP çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPL hPFbPL tPO``uHP E`tPOE`nPL aHPSPFzvhPF aAvhPFE`nPL pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA kPPtÖOYpPOL``u¾PPrP sPFAhPFAyPz E`nPL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

ePvhPF aAvhPFnPL anFUsPFA``u`rP ePkPPjPLnPL FpOLUE`lPSPF aE`fPOsPFA``u`rPrP kPPtPOYHPzgOUE`lP E`kPP?

ukPPAnPL E`nPLyPYE`tPOtPO mPFE`hPFlPA yPE`dPL FpOLUE`lPSPF aE`fPOsPFArP``ukPP aE`BPO``uyPAgPO jPLAnPLAnPL uyP E`tPOE`nPL pPOLE`rPHPA``u`rPrP ukPPAnPL FpOLUrPqXP sPFdPLsPFz HPA ePkPPAEDPFkPP sPFdPLsPFz``udPLrP E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP ESPFkPPArP hPF``u`bPL``uCPFnPL HPA hPF``u©CPFnPL, tPOAhPF``ulP FpOLUE`lPSPF aE`fPOsPFArP mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP ePvhPF aAvhPFnPLE`WvPF sPFÈ÷P``uÓ÷Pì jPLAnPLA``uHPnPLP| ePvhPF aAvhPFnPLE`WvPF nPLtUOnPL cPFAlU hPF``u`bPL``uCPF fPO``ulP udPL``uSPFrP aEDPFkPPAMSPF mPFAnFUXP ePKPnPLoPF eP E`HPXP``u`bPL BPOAlP jPLA``unPLnPL nPLAP|

tPOÿArP kPPtPOYHPz mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP jPLAnPLA``unPLA uyP ePvhPF aAvhPFnPL anFUyPAbPLQ E`tPOE`nPL sFUrP¾PPA upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP| E`ªPtPOQbPLtPO, usPFvhPF aÏPO``ulPrP pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA çpPOLdPLAnPLkPPArPQ sPFMëPOArP tPOAE`lPkPPA E`tPOE`nPL mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP jPLAnPLA``uHPnPLP| tÖOtPOQbPLtPO, mPFE`hPFlPA uyP E`HPnPLA KPrP``ucPF aAvhPFnPLQ pPOLE`rP``uXPHPA upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL tPOA jPLAnPLA``uHPnPLP| mPFE`hPFlPA uyP aE`BPO``uyPAgPO kPPrP``uCPFnPL usPFvhPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPO yPE`dPL BPOArPtPOQbPL dPLLÕPLE`HPEDPF 498-eP HPE`NPYtPO apPOLrPADPF hPFbPL tPOAhPF``ulP mPFE`hPFlPA``ukPP FpOLUE`lPSPF aE`fPOsPFArP tPOA jPLAnPLA``uHPnPL ePHPM usPFvhPF aE`BPO``uyPAgPOpPOLÀeOL` dPLAEKPlP kPPrPArP aEDPFkPPArP uyP rP``u`bPL``uCPF tPOA jPLAnPLA``uHPnPLP|

ePvhPF anFUyPAbPLQ mPFE`hPFlPArPA E`kPP aAETPYkPP sFUrPAhPFA sPFMÀePÝAÙPO aA``udPLSPF upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL?

ePvhPF aAvhPFnPL anFUyPAbPLQ ePkPPjPLnPL mPFE`hPFlPA aAdPLAlPtPO uTP``ukPP E`nPLmÔ`OLE`lPEKPtPO E`HPXP``u`bPL 'aA``udPLSPF' upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL:

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gPO) mPFAnPLE`sPFkPP atPOzAcPFA``u`rPrP dPLrPqNP ePHPM aA``uHPgPOjPLE`nPLtPO E`HPpPOLyPY``u`bPLrP jPL``unPLz ¾PPE`tPOFpOLZrPNP upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL;
GPL) tPOÿArP u`rPAjPLgPOA``u`rPrP ¾PPE`tPO hPFoPFbPLArP dPLrPqNP ¾PPE`tPOFpOLZrPNP upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPL;
ÊPF) tPOÿArP ukPPAnPL sPFÈOLpPOLEÀoP`L nPLêPL, ¾PPE`tPOçLgPFéPF HPA ëPOAnPLAÙPOE`rPtPO hPFoPFbPLArP jPL``unPLz ¾PPE`tPOFpOLZrPNP upPOL``utPO pPOLA``u`rPnPLP|

mPFDFUFpOLZNPYA uGPLAXP

sFZÀeOL`: 'sFUtPOAnFUE`WvPFrP sPFKPz' çpPOLkPPAESPFtPO oPF aAvhPFnPLjPLQE`HP mPFDFUFpOLZNPYA uGPLAXP sPFÈOLpPOLAE`dPLtPO 'pPOLAE`rPHPAE`rPkPP E`hPFMsPFA çpPOLE`tPO``u`rPADPF aAvhPFnPL, 2005' FpOLUE`éPFkPPA|

[nPLArPQ oPF ESPFSFU``udPLrP ãO÷PABPOAE`HPkPP E`HPkPPA``uSPFrP pPOL``uTP çpPOLE`tPOHPÓ÷PìkPPtPOA ãO÷PrPìpPOL E`lPËP û``uHPXPmPFz E`nPLmFZYlP kPPrP``utPO wvPOðsPFgPOYQkFÖOtPO sPFMëPOA hPFlP 'sFUtPOAnFUE`WvPFrP sPFKPzP'| ePvhPF sPFMëPOArP E`HPE`BPOnÔP kPPmPFYsFZcPFQrP mPF``uDPFz rP``u`bPL``uCPF: mPFE`hPFlPA oPF HPE`rPîPO nPLAgPOE`rPkPP``udPLrP E`HPnPLA KPrP``ucPF aAvhPFnPLQ pPOLrPAmPFSPFY çpPOLdPLAnPL, ãO÷PAëPOz sFUrP¾PPA E`HPXP``u`bPL pPOLE`rPkPPÜPnPLA çLgPFhPFNP kPPrPA, mPFAnPLHPQ SPFAãFíPL E`HPXP``u`bPL gPO``uHPXPNPA pPOLE`rPcPFAlPnPLA kPPrPA, sPFAmPFAE`jPLkPP sPF``ucPFtPOnPLtPOA oPF jPLnPLmPFtPO gPOVPF``unPLrP wvPO``uöP``uSPFz E`HPE`BPOnÔP kPPAyPYÀePÝmPFP| ePvhPF sPFMëPOArP sPF``uËP uyPAgPOA``uyPA``ugPOrP E`VPFkPPAnPLA:
vhPF-umPFvhPFlP: sutanutisakhya@yahoo.com cPFlPBPOAXP: 9830753678]

[aAvhPFnPL EHPXPbPLkPP iyP-sPFHP aAilPAcPFnPLA aHPsPFrP-eP rP``u`bPL``uCPF tPOArP wvPOiöPSPFz sPFADPFArPNP BPOAiHP aAvhPFinPLrP HPzApPOLAirP pPOLAVPFkPPidPLrP aHPEhPFtPO kPPrPA| ePvhPF aAilPAcPFnPLA ikPPAnPLoPF BPOAiHPvhPF wvPOEkPPilPrP pPOLrPAmPFiSPFYrP EHPkPPÜP nPLbPL| kPPAirPArP aAvhPFnPL sPFMÀePÝAÙPO ikPPAnPLoPF sPFmPFsPFzA TPAkPPilP, tPOÿArP wvPOEcPFtPO sPFrPAsPFErP ikPPAnPLoPF aAvhPFnPLi¸PPrP pPOLrPAmPFSPFY çLgPFhPFNP kPPrPA|]

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