sPFÈOçpPOLE`tPO oPFbPLAlPYwPO uhPFlP²TP agPOYAnPLAvhPF``ujPLSPFnPL (World Health Organaaization HPA WHO) nPLArPQ-E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP wvPOpPOLrP ePkPPE`WvPF sPFmPFQ¾PPA sPFmPFAâPL kPPrP``uCPF| ePKPnPL pPOLyPYÙPO nPLArPQ-E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP wvPOpPOLrP yPtPO sPFmPFQ¾PPA hPF``u`bPL``uCPF, tPOArP mPF``uDPFz ePE`WvPFrP pPOLE`rPEDPFvhPF sPFHP``ucPF``u`bPL E`HPéÖFtPOP| dPLSPFE`WvPF udPL``uSPFrP (HPAMlPA``udPLSPF, u`çFHPE`jPLlP, vhPFETPoPFEpPOLbPLA, jPLApPOLAnPL, sPFAE`HPYbPLA oPF mPF``u×FWvPF``unPL``uçLgPFA, TPAvhPFlPzALÕPL, vhPFwvPOnPLAvhPF``uWvPFwPO E`rPpPOLAEÂFHPkPP afPO tPOAnPLjPLAE`nPLbPLA, nPLAE`mPFE`HPbPLA, upPOLrPq ePHPM sPFA``umPFAbPLA) 24,000 -ePrPoPF uHPSPFQ nPLArPQrP sPFA¾PPAðkPPArP E`nPL``u`bPL ePvhPF sPFmPFQ¾PPAE`WvPF kPPrPA hPF``u`bPL``uCPFP| ePvhPF sPFmPFQ¾PPAbPL aMSPFçLgPFhPFNP kPP``u`rP``uCPF lPLÕPLnPL ãFFkFUOlP afPO hPFAvhPFE`jPLnPL ePLÕPL æWvPFEpPOLkPPzAlP ``umPFE`wPOE`sPFnPL, PATH ePHPM nPLzA``uSPFnPLAlP E`rPsPFAcPFY vhPFÓOLsLPE`WvPFWvUFzSPFnPL ePHPM E`HPE`BPOnÔP udPL``uSPFrP nPLArPQ sPFMëPOAP|

ePvhPF sPFmPFQ¾PPAbPL jPLAnPLA yPAbPL uyP, nPLArPQrPA sPFHP``ucPF``u`bPL uHPESPF E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA hPFbPL tPOArP E`nPLkPPWvPFtPOmPF mPFAnFUXPE`WvPFrP kPPACPF uTP``ukPPP| pPOLE`rPE`cPFtPO HPA apPOLE`rPE`cPFtPO kPP``u`rPArP kPPA``uCPF DPFE`XPYtPO hPFoPFbPLA HPA aAGPLAtPO pPOLAoPFbPLArP uTP``ukPP a``unPLkPP uHPESPF û``udPLE`hPFkPP <sup>1</sup> oPF uyP´nPL E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL ² GPL``uWvPF ãO÷PAmPFQ HPA usPFvhPF nPLArPQrP aÙPOrPËP sPFhPFcPF``u`rPrP (partner) hPFA``utPOP| aTPYAð, tUOlPnPLAmFZlPkPP BPOA``uHP pPOL``uTPGPLA``uWvPF nPLbPL, E`nPL``ujPLrP gOÖ``uhPFvhPF nPLArPQrP E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA hPFHPArP sPFÆPFAHPnPLA uHPESPFP| nPLArPQrP ãO÷PAëPOz oPF nPLArPQ wvPOpPOLrP pPOLArPAHPAE`rPkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL E`HPXPbPLkPP ePvhPF sPFmPFQ¾PPAbPL E`HPE`BPOnÔP udPL``uSPFrP unPLtÖOHÖ``uÓOdPrP jPLnPLz uHPSPF E`kPPCUF sFUpPOLAE`rPSPF aA``uCPFP|

sPFmPFQ¾PPAbPL anPLzAnPLz uyPsPFHP tPOTPz pPOLAoPFbPLA ugPO``uCPF tPOArP mPF``uDPFz aA``uCPF:

uyPWvPFA BPOAHPnPLArP kPPTPA - usPFWvPFA hPFlP ePvhPFsPFHP tPOTPz çpPOLSPFAsPFnPL HPA aAvhPFnPL-çpPOLNPbPLnPLkPPArPQ``udPLrP kPPA``uCPF E`HP``uSPFXP upPOL´ÿCPFbPL nPLA, kPPArPNP E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA nPLArPQ``udPLrP 20 SPFtPOAMSPF ePvhPFsPFHP atPOzAcPFA``u`rPrP kPPTPA ePvhPF sPFmPFQ¾PPArP aA``ugPO kPPAwvPO``ukPP jPLAnPLAbPL E`nPLP| yPArPA jPLAE`nPL``u`bPL``uCPF, tPOArPAoPF SFUDFU jPLAE`nPL``u`bPL``uCPF aAòPQbPL HPÓ÷Uì``udPLrP - E`nPLtPOAÙPO E`nPLrPìpPOLAbPL hPF``u`bPLP|P E`kPPÙUO sPFAmPFAE`jPLkPP cPFA``upPOLrP dPLrPqnPL ePgOUE`lP ugPOApPOLnPLvhPF rP``u`bPL ugPO``uCPFP| ePmPFnPL E`kPP uyPsPFHP nPLArPQ gPOBPOYHPtPOQ aHPëPOAbPL atPOzAcPFAE`rPtPO hPF``u©CPF - tPOArPAoPF anPLAgPOtPO sPFÙPOAnPL HPA E`nPL``ujPLrP ãO÷PA``uëPOzrP E`nPLdPLArPqNP ¾PPE`tPO hPF``utPO pPOLA``u`rP ujPL``unPLoPF sPFAhPFsPF kPP``u`rP FpOLUE`lPSPF HPA hPFAsPFpPOLAtPOA``ulP yPAbPL E`nPLP|

E`nPLßsPF``uÓOdP``uhPF nPLArPQ E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP mFZ``ulP rP``u`bPL``uCPF sPFADPFArPNP mPFAnFU``uXPrP E`cPFÙPOADPFArPA, tPOA``udPLrP mFZlPz``uHPADP ePHPM HPtPOYmPFAnPL yU``ugPOrP sPFmPFAjPL-HPzHPëPOAP| ePvhPF E`rP``upPOLA``uWvPFY uHPSPF E`kPPCUF E`jPLE`nPLsPF sFUpPOLAE`rPSPF kPPrPA hPF``u`bPL``uCPF yPA``utPO kPP``u`rP tPOArP pPOLE`rPHPtPOYnPL aAnPLA yPAbPLP| nPLArPQ-E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL HPÓ÷Pì kPPrPArP çpPOL``ucPFêPLArP sPF``uËP aÜPHPbPLsPFQ``udPLrP ePvhPFcPF.aAvhPF.E`BPO. ePvhPFwPOsPF ePHPM uyP´nPLESPF¾PPArP E`HPE`BPOnÔP çpPOL``ucPFêPLAgOUE`lP``ukPP kPPQ BPOA``uHP ePkPPÀeOL` kPPrPA yPAbPL - usPFvhPF E`nPL``u`bPLoPF E`kPPCUF sFUpPOLAE`rPSPF rP``u`bPL``uCPFP| sPFÙPOAnPLsPFÆPFHPA hPF``ulP E`kPPMHPA gPOBPOYpPOLAtPO HPA pPOLE`rPHPArP-pPOLE`rPkPPÜPnPLArP jPLnPLz nPLArPQrPA yPKPnPL ãO÷PAëPOz``ukPP``uÓLçLdPL aA``usPF, tPOKPnPLvhPF udPLKP``utPO hPF``uHP tPOArPA aApPOLnPL gOÖ``uhPF E`nPLyPYAE`tPOtPOA hPF``u©CPF E`kPPnPLAP| ãO÷PAëPOz-pPOLE`rP``uXPHPAbPL E`nPLyUÀoPLÝ kPPmPFYQ``udPLrP nPLArPQ-E`nPLyPYAtPO``unPLrP lP¾PPNPgOUE`lP DPFrP``utPO pPOLArPA ePHPM tPOArP jPLnPLz çpPOL``u`bPLAjPLnPLQbPL HPzHPëPOA unPLoPFbPLArP HPzApPOLA``u`rP çpPOLESPF¾PP``uNPrP kPPTPAoPF ePvhPF E`rP``upPOLA``uWvPFY HPlPA hPF``u`bPL``uCPFP| sPF``uHPAYpPOLE`rP jPLnPLgPO``uNPrP mPF``uDPFz eP HPzApPOLA``u`rP sPF``ucPFtPOnPLtPOA HPAwxPFA``utPO hPF``uHP| E`HPE`BPOnÔP udPL``uSPFrP sPFrPkPPArP yPE`dPL eP HPzApPOLA``u`rP sPFE`tPOzvhPF sPFEÀePÝbPL hPFnPL, tPOAhPF``ulPvhPF E`HPSL÷P``ujPLAwxPFA ePvhPF nPLArPQ-E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL HPÓ÷Pì kPPrPA sPFÆPFHPPhPF``uHP|

¹ SPFArPQE`rPkPP E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL HPlP``utPO uHPAJPFA``u©CPF HPtPOYmPFAnPL HPA çpPOLAÀoPLÝnPL ãO÷PAmPFQ HPA sPFhPFcPFrP tPOA``ukPP cPFwxPF umPF``u`rP``uCPF E`kPPnPLA E`kPPMHPA aAhPFtPO kPPrPArP jPLnPLz E`kPPCUF CUFÿ``uwxPF umPF``u`rP``uCPF E`kPPnPLA; HPzTPA udPLoPFbPLArP jPLnPLz DPFA¹PïLA E`dPL``u`bPL``uCPF E`kPPnPLA, E`kPPlPGFUE`XP umPF``u`rP``uCPF E`kPPnPLA; lPAETP umPF``u`rP``uCPF E`kPPnPLA, uWvPF``unPL E`hPFÿcPF``uwxPF ukPPATPAoPF E`nPL``u`bPL``uCPF E`kPPnPLA HPA mPFArP``uDPFArP kPP``u`rP``uCPF E`kPPnPLA; gPOlPA E`WvPF``upPOL DPF``u`rP``uCPF E`kPPnPLA, gPOA``u`bPL aAgOU``unPLrP CPFÿzAkPPA E`dPL``u`bPL``uCPF E`kPPnPLA; aA``ugLÔPbPLAãFíPL, CUFE`rP E`kPPMHPA anPLz``ukPPA``unPLA aãFíPL udPLEKP``u`bPL aAGPLAtPO kPPrPArP BPObPL udPLEKP``u`bPL``uCPF E`kPPnPLA HPA aAGPLAtPO kPP``u`rP``uCPF E`kPPnPLAP|

² uyP´nPL E`nPLyPYAtPOnPL HPlP``utPO uHPAJPFA``u©CPF E`tPOnPLE`WvPFrP mPF``uDPFz uyP ukPPA``unPLA ePkPPE`WvPF: (1) ujPLArP kPP``u`rP nPLArPQrP vhPF©CPFArP E`HPrPq``uªPì HPtPOYmPFAnPL HPA çpPOLAÀoPLÝnPL ãO÷PAmPFQ HPA sPFhPFcPFrP tPOArP sPF``uËP uyP´nPLsPFËPmPF kPP``u`rP``uCPF; (2) uyP´nPLsPFËPmPF GPL``uWvPF``uCPF kPPArPNP ãO÷PAmPFQ HPA sPFhPFcPF``u`rPrP BPO``u`bPL nPLArPQE`WvPF aApPOLEÀoP`L tUOlP``utPO sPFAhPFsPF pPOLAbPL E`nPL; (3) nPLArPQ uyPsPFHP uyP´nPLkPPmPFY apPOLmPFAnPLkPPrP HPA jPLGPLnPLz mPF``unPL kPP``u`rP usPFgOU``ulPA kPPrP``utPO HPADPFz hPF``u`bPL``uCPF|