Bankimchandra Chatterjee

HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL cPFiôPOApPOLADPFzAbPL (1838-94 LçLKPQ)

1838 LçLKPQêPLAi¡PrP 26 jULnPL cPFE¢PSPF pPOLrPgPONPArP aÙPOgPOYtPO kPPÿAVPFAlPpPOLAwxPFA çLgPFAimPF HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL cPFiôPOApPOLADPFzAbPL jPLÓOLÉPçLgPFhPFNP kPPirPnPL| aAvhPFnPL pPOLwxPFHPArP jPLnPLz içpPOLEsPFiwPOEÓOLsLP kPPilPijPL BPOEtPOY hPFnPL ePHPM 1857 LçLKPQêPLAi¡P isPFKPAnPL iTPikPP çpPOLTPmPF EHPBPOAigPO ePnPLæWvPFAÓOLsLP pPOLrPQ¾PPA pPOLASPF kPPirPnPL| 1858 LçLKPQêPLAi¡P nPLtUOnPL ëPOAEpPOLtPO kPPElPkPPAtPOA EHPSL÷PEHPdPLzAlPibPLrP çpPOLTPmPF EHP. eP. pPOLrPQ¾PPAbPL HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL EªPtPOQbPL EHPBPOAigPO çpPOLTPmPF ëPOAnPL aEDPFkPPArP kPPirPnPL| aAvhPFnPL pPOLwxPFA iSPFXP hPFoPFbPLArP aAigPOvhPF yPiSPFAirPrP iwPOFpOLUEWvPF mPFzAEjPLiãOFWvPFWvPF oPF iwPOFpOLUEWvPF kPPAilPÁPOirPrP cPFAkPPErP pPOLAnPL| itPOEÀeOL`SPF HPCPFrP sPFrPkPPAErP cPFAkPPErP kPPrPArP pPOLrP 1891 LçLKPQêPLAi¡PrP 14 isPFiàLWvPFÈ÷PrP HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL aHPsPFrP çLgPFhPFNP kPPirPnPL| 1894 LçLKPQêPLAi¡PrP 8 ePEçpPOLlP tPOÿArP mFÖtUOz hPFbPL|

HPEÌPOmPFcPFiÓLçLdPLrP jPLQHPnPL dPLQGPLY nPLbPL, tPOArPvhPF mPFiDPFz tPOÿArP sPFAEhPFtPOz sPFADPFnPLA EHPãPFÉPbPLkPPrP| hUFgPOElP kPPilPijPL CPFAÀeOL` jPLQHPinPL EtPOEnPL ISL÷PrPcPFÓLçLdPL gOUiâPLrP rPcPFnPLArP aAdPLiSPFY 'sPFMHPAdPL çpPOLBPOAkPPirP' oPF 'sPFMHPAdPL sPFADFUrPÑPinPL' gPOdPLz, pPOLdPLz ElPKPitPOnPL| 42 HPCPFirPrP sPFAEhPFtPOzsPFADPFnPLA tPOÿArP CPFAÀeOL`jPLQHPnPL, kPPmPFYjPLQHPnPL, iSPFXPjPLQHPnPL pPOLyPYÙPO HPzAâPL ECPFlP| 'dLUigPOYSPFnPLEÓOdPnPLQ' wvPOpPOLnPLzAisPFrP sPFiËP sPFiËP tPOÿArP sPFAEhPFtPOz jPLQHPinPLrP aArPÆPF| ePvhPF wvPOpPOLnPLzAsPF EdPLibPLvhPF HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL ePkPP nPLtUOnPL EdPLgPOÙPO KLUilP DPFrPilPnPL| HPAÊPFAlPQrP irPAmPFAEÓFWvPFkPP sPFÀoP`LArP ePkPP nPLtUOnPL jPLAgPOrPNP GPLWvPFilPA HPEÌPOmPFcPFiÓLçLdPLrP rPcPFnPLArP EtPOnPLEWvPF wvPOpPOLnPLzAsPF EdPLibPL- 'dLUigPOYSPFnPLEÓOdPnPLQ' (1865 LçLKPQ), 'kPPpPOLAlPkFUOLÕPLlPA' (1866 LçLKPQ), ePHPM 'mFÖNPAElPnPLQ' (1869 LçLKPQ)|

HPEÌPOmPFcPFiÓLçLdPLrP mPFDPFzyUigPOrP rPcPFnPLAbPL idPLKPA yPAbPL isPF´ÓOdPyPY oPF ilPAkPPESPF¾PPArP EmPFlPnPL| iSPFXP yUigPO ilPAkPPESPF¾PPArP çpPOLADPFAnPLz| HPEÌPOmPFcPFiÓLçLdPLrP çpPOLEtPOBPOArP iSPFXP pPOLyPYAibPL FpOLZNPYBPOAiHP çpPOLkPPASPF ipPOLlP ãO÷PAidPLESPFkPPtPOA oPF anFUSPFQlPnPL DPFimPFYrP HPzAKPzA| idPLiSPFrP rPAæFêPLQbPL, jPLAtPOQbPL, DPFmPFYQbPL, sPFAmPFAEjPLkPP oPF ESPF¾PPAmFZlPkPP wvPOnÔPEtPOrP sPFHP rPkPPmPF çpPOLbPLAisPF EtPOEnPL aEHPrPAmPF ilPKPnPLQ cPFAlPnPLA kPPirPiCPFnPL| HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL ikPPHPlPmPFAÀeOL` sPFAEhPFEtPOzkPP HPA ilPKPkPP nPLnPL, wvPOpPOLrPÙUO EtPOEnPL yUgPO`çLsLPLêPLA| eýEtPOhPFAEsPFkPP, irPAmPFAEÓFWvPFkPP, pPOLAErPHPAErPkPP - ePvhPF EtPOnPL DPFArPAbPL wvPOðsPFAErPtPO HPEÌPOmPFcPFiÓLçLdPLrP aAKPzAnPLgOUElP sPFmPFsPFAmPFEbPLkPP oPF pPOLrPHPtPOYQ sPFAEhPFtPOz oPF jPLQHPinPLrP oPFpPOLrP apPOLErPsPFQmPF çpPOLBPOAHP EHPéPFArP kPPirPiCPF| HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL sPFÈOLpPOLikPPY EHPéPFAErPtPO jPLAnPLitPO hPFilP ePvhPFKPAinPL E`ÂFkPPkPP kPPrPqnPL|

HPzAËP kPPirP iHPSPF EkPPCUF hPFAlPkPPA ilPKPAoPF HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL ElPiKPiCPFnPL| ePyUigPOrP pPOLAVPFkPPrPA isPFgOUElP kPPtPOWvPFA wvPOpPOLiBPOAgPO kPPrPiHPnPL HPlPA SPFÀoPLÝ| sPFmPFibPLrP sPFiËP sPFiËP aAmPFAidPLrP EcPFÙPOADPFArPA, rPqEcPF oPF mFZlPziHPAiDPFrP ainPLkPP pPOLErPHPtPOYnPL GPLiWvPFiCPF| ePvhPF mPFÙPOHPz nPLQicPFrP ilPKPAEWvPF sPFÈOLpPOLikPPYoPF çpPOLiyPAjPLz| ePEWvPF HPEÌPOmPFcPFÓLçLdPL ElPiKPECPFilPnPL idPLiSPF iyPBPOAiHP aAvhPFnPL iyPBPOAiHP ElPEpPOLHPªPì kPPrPA hPFbPL, isPFvhPF kPPAVPFAimPFAEWvPF HPjPLAbPL irPiKP| ilPKPAEWvPF hPFrPifPO kPPirP pPOLAEVPFibPLiCPFnPL FpOLUiäOpPFÓOdLUsFUÓOdPrP mFUiKPApPOLADPFzAbPL|

dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOz dPLLÕPLEHPEDPFrP aAvhPFnPL (1) (2) (3) (4)

CHAPTER IV
GENERAL EXCEPTIONS

8. Nothing is an offence which is done by a wife.
9. Nothing is an offence which is done by a husband in obedience to the command of his wife.
10. No person in the married state shall be entitled to plead any other circumstances as grounds of exemption from the provisions of the Matrimonial Penal Code.

cPFtUOTPY aDPFzAbPL
sPFADPFArPNP BPOA``uHP HPE`jPLYtPO E`HPXPbPL

8 DPFArPAP| ãFíPLQkFÖOtPO ukPPAnPL EÀePÝbPLA apPOLrPADPF HPE`lPbPLA gPONPz hPFvhPF``uHP nPLAP|
9 DPFArPAP| pPOLóPQrP a¸PPAnFUsPFA``u`rP ãO÷PAE`mPFkFÖOtPO ukPPAnPL EÀePÝbPLA apPOLrPADPF HPE`lPbPLA gPONPz hPFvhPF``uHP nPLAP|
10 DPFArPAP| vhPFhPFA E`BPOnÔP anPLz ukPPAnPL çpPOLkPPArP oPFjPLrP kPPE`rPbPLA ukPPAnPL E`HPHPAE`hPFtPO FpOLUrPqXP HPE`lP``utPO pPOLAE`rP``uHPnPL nPLA uyP, aAE`mPF dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOzdPLLÕPLE`HPEDPFrP aAvhPFnPLAnFUsPFA``u`rP dPLLÕPLnPLQbPL nPLvhPFP|

CHAPTER V
OF ABETMENT

11. A person abets the doing of a matrimonial offence who
First, instigates, persuades, induces, or encourages a husband to commit that offence.
Secondly, Joins him in the commission of that offence, or keeps him company during its commission

EXPLANATION
A man not in the married state or even a woman, may be an abettor.

ILLUSTRATIONS
(a) A, the husband of B, and C, an unmarried man, drink together. Drinking is a matrimonial offence. C has abetted A.
(b) A, the mother of B, the husband of C, persuades B to spend money in other ways than those which C approves.
As spending money in such (unapproved) ways is a matrimonial offence, A has abetted B.

12. When a man in the married state abets another man in the married state in a matrimonial offence, the abettor is liable to the same punishment as the principal. Provided that he can be so punished only by a competent court.

EXPLANATION
A competent court means the wife having the right of property in the offending husband.
13. Abettors who are females or male offenders (abettors) not in the married state are liable to be punished only with scolding, abuse, frowns, tears and lamentations.

pPOLÏPOmPF aDPFzbPL
apPOLrPA``uDPFrP sPFhPFAbPLtPOArP E`HPEDPF

11 DPFArPAP| uyP ukPPAnPL HPzEÀoPLÝ-
çpPOLTPmPFP| anPLz HPzEÀoPLÝ``ukPP ukPPAnPL dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOz apPOLrPADPF kPPrP``utPO çpPOLHÖEÀoP`L udPLbPL HPA wvPOðsPFAE`hPFtPO HPA wvPOdLUzÀoPLÝ kPP``u`rP,
E`ªPtPOQbPLP| HPA tPOðsPF``uËP usPFvhPF apPOLrPA``uDPF E`lPâPL hPFbPL HPA usPFvhPF apPOLrPADPF kPPrPArP sPFmPFbPL tPOAhPFArP sPF``uËP TPA``ukPP,
tPO``uHP HPlPA yPAbPL uyP usPF eý apPOLrPA``uDPFrP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPPE`rPbPLA``uCPFP|

a``uTPYrP kPPTPA
aE`HPHPAE`hPFtPO FpOLUrPqXP HPA ukPPAnPL ãFíPLQ``ulPAkPPoPF dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOz apPOLrPA``uDPFrP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPPE`rP``utPO pPOLA``u`rPP|

wvPOdPLAhPFrPNP
(kPP) rPAmPF, kPPAE`mPFnPLQrP ãO÷PAmPFQP| yPdLU aE`HPHPAE`hPFtPO FpOLUrPqXPP| wvPOBPO``u`bPL ePkPP``uÀeOL` mPFdPLzpPOLAnPL kPPE`rPlPP| mPFdPLzpPOLAnPL ePkPPE`WvPF dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOz apPOLrPADPFP| yPdLU rPA``umPFrP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPPE`rPbPLA``uCPFP|
(KP) hPFrPmPFE`NP, rPA``umPFrP mPFAP| rPAmPF kPPAE`mPFnPLQrP ãO÷PAmPFQP| kPPAE`mPFnPLQ uyPrPì``upPOL WvPFAkPPA KPrPcPF kPPE`rP``utPO HP``ulP, usPFrPì``upPOL KPrPcPF nPLA kPPE`rPbPLA, rPAmPF hPFrPmPFE`NPrP pPOLrPAmPF``uSPFY anPLz çpPOLkPPArP KPrPcPF kPPE`rPlPP| ãFíPLQrP anPLE`BPOmPF``utPO KPrPcPF kPPrPA ePkPPE`WvPF dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOz apPOLrPADPFP| hPFrPmPFE`NP tPOAhPFArP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPPE`rPbPLA``uCPFP|

12 DPFArPAP| yPE`dPL ukPPAnPL E`HPHPAE`hPFtPO FpOLUrPqXP ukPPAnPL dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOz apPOLrPA``uDPF anPLz E`HPHPAE`hPFtPO FpOLUrPq``uXPrP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPP``u`rP tPO``uHP usPF aAsPFlP apPOLrPADPFQrP sPF``uËP sPFmPFAnPL dPLLÕPLnPLQbPLP| E`kPPÙUO tPOAhPFArP dPLLÕPL wvPOpPOLyUÀoPLÝ aAdPLAlPtPO nPLE`hPF``ulP hPFvhPF``uHP nPLAP|
a``uTPYrP kPPTPA
eý HPzEÀoPLÝ uyP ãFíPLQrP sPFÈOLpPOLEÀoP`L, usPFvhPF ãFíPLQ``ukPPvhPF wvPOpPOLyUÀoPLÝ aAdPLAlPtPO HPlPA yPAbPLP|
13 DPFArPAP| ãFíPLQ``ulPAkPP HPA aE`HPHPAE`hPFtPO FpOLUrPqXP dPLAÈOLpPOLtPOz apPOLrPA``uDPFrP sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPPE`rP``ulP, E`tPOrPãFFkPPArP, ¦ìkFUOE`WvPF, ePHPM a`çLSPFqHPXPYNP HPA u`rPAdPL``unPLrP ªPArP dPLLÕPLnPLQbPL mPFAÀeOL`P|

CHAPTER VI
OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE

14. “The State” shall, in this code, mean the married state only.
15. Whoever wages war against his wife or attempts to wage such war or abets the waging of such war shall be punished capitally, that is by separation, or by transportation to another bed- room and shall forfeit all his pocket- money.
16. Whoever induces friends or gains over children to side with him or otherwise prepares to wage war with the intention of waging war against the wife shall be punished by transportation to another bed- room and shall also be liable to be punished with scolding and with tears and lamentations.
17. Whoever shall render allegiance to any woman other than his wife shall be guilty of incontinence.

EXPLANATION
(1). To show the slightest kindness to a young woman who is not the wife, is to render such young woman allegiance.

ILLUSTRATION.
A is the husband of B, and C is a young woman. A likes C’ s baby because he is a nice child and gives him buns to eat. A has rendered allegiance to C.

EXPLANATION
(2) Wives shall be entitled to imagine offences under this section, and no husband shall be entitled to be acquitted on the ground that he has not committed the offence.
The simple accusation shall always be held to be conclusive proof of the offence.

(3) The right of imagining offences under this section shall be held to belong in general to old wives, and to women with old and ugly husbands; and a young wife shall not be entitled to assume the right unless she can prove that she has a particularly cross temper, or was brought up a spoilt child or is herself supremely ugly.

18. Whoever is guilty of incontinence shall be liable to a all the punishments in this code and to other punishments not mentioned in the code.

XPîPO aDPFzAbPL
ãFíPLQ- E`HP``uædPAE`hPFtPOArP apPOLrPADPF

14 DPFArPAP| (anFUHPAdPLkPP a¾PPmPF)
15 DPFArPAP| uyP ukPPhPF ãFíPLQrP sPF``uËP E`HPHPAdPL kPP``u`rP, E`kPP E`HPHPAdPL kPPrP``utPO wvPO``udPLzAgPO kPP``u`rP, E`kPP E`HPHPAdPL kPPrPAbPL sPFhPFAbPLtPOA kPP``u`rP, tPOAhPFArP çpPOLANPdPLLÕPL hPFvhPF``uHP (aTPYð ãFíPLQ tPOAhPFA``ukPP tPOzAgPO kPPE`rP``uHPnPL) HPA SPFyPzAgOÖhPF FpOLÖTPkPP hPFvhPF``uHP ePHPM tPOAhPFArP KPrP``ucPFrP WvPFAkPPA jPL¡P hPFvhPF``uHPP|
16 DPFArPAP| uyP ukPPhPF HPÓ÷UìHPgPOY``ukPP mFUrPqE`¢P DPFE`rPbPLA HPA sPFÙPOAnPLE`dPLgPO``ukPP HPSPFQBUOtPO kPPE`rPbPLA HPA anPLz çpPOLkPPA``u`rP ãFíPLQrP sPFE`hPFtPO E`HPHPAdPL kPPE`rPHPArP aE`BPOçpPOLA``u`bPL E`HPHPA``udPLrP wvPO``udPLzAgPO kPP``u`rP, usPF SPFyPzA gOÖhPFAÙPO``u`rP uçpPOLE`rPtPO hPFvhPF``uHP, ePHPM E`tPOrPãFFkPPArP, a`çLSPFqHPXPYNP ePHPM u`rPAdPL``unPLrP ªPArPA dPLLÕPLnPLQbPL hPFvhPF``uHPP|
17 DPFArPAP| uyP ukPPhPF aApPOLnPL ãFíPLQ E`BPOnÔP anPLz ãFíPLQ``ulPA``ukPPrP çpPOLE`tPO aAsPFÀoPLÝ, tPOAhPFArP apPOLrPA``uDPFrP nPLAmPF lPAÈOLpPOLWvPFzP|

a``uTPYrP kPPTPA
çpPOLTPmPFP| ãFíPLQ E`BPOnÔP anPLz ukPPAnPL yUHPtPOQ ãFíPLQ``ulPA``ukPPrP çpPOLE`tPO E`kPPCUFmPFAÀeOL` E`kPPCUFmPFÀeOL` dPLbPLA HPA aAnFUkFUOlPz kPPE`rP``ulPvhPF lPAÈOLpPOLWvPFz gPONPz hPFvhPF``uHPP|

wvPOdPLAhPFrPNP
rPAmPF kPPAE`mPFnPLQrP ãO÷PAmPFQP| HPAmPFA anPLz ePkPP yUHPtPOQP| HPAmPFArP ESPFSFU sPFÙPOAnPLE`WvPF udPLEKP``utPO sFUÓOdPrP HPE`lPbPLA rPAmPF tPOAhPFA``ukPP aAdPLrP kPP``u`rP HPA tPOAhPFArP hPFA``utPO E`mPFVPFAvhPF udPLbPLP| rPAmPF HPAmPFArP çpPOLE`tPO aAsPFÀoPLÝP|

a``uTPYrP kPPTPA
E`ªPtPOQbPLP| ãO÷PAmPFQE`dPLgPO``ukPP E`nPLúPOArP``uNP ePvhPF apPOLrPA``uDPF apPOLrPADPFQ E`HP``uHPcPFnPLA kPPrPA, ãFíPLQ``ulPAkPPE`dPL``ugPOrP aEDPFkPPArP rPE`hPFlPP| aAE`mPF eP apPOLrPADPF kPPE`rP nPLAvhPF HPE`lPbPLA ukPPAnPL ãO÷PmPFQ KPAlPAsPF pPOLAvhPF``utPO pPOLAE`rP``uHP nPLAP|
'apPOLrPADPF kPPE`rPbPLA``uCPF' HPE`lP``ulPvhPF eP apPOLrPADPF sPFçpPOLmPFAnPL hPFvhPFbPLA``uCPF E`HP``uHPcPFnPLA kPPrP``utPO hPFvhPF``uHPP|
tÖOtPOQbPLP| E`nPLúPOArP``uNP ePvhPF apPOLrPA``uDPF apPOLrPADPFQ E`HP``uHPcPFnPLA kPPE`rPHPArP aEDPFkPPArP, çpPOLAcPFQnPLA ãFíPLQ``ulPAkPPE`dPL``ugPOrP pPOL``u¾PP E`HP``uSPFXPrPì``upPOL HPEÀoP`LY``uHP, aTPHPA yPAhPFAE`dPL``ugPOrP ãO÷PAmPFQ kFUOðE`sPFtPO HPA çpPOLAcPFQnPL, tPOAhPFAE`dPL``ugPOrP pPOL``u¾PP HPEÀoP`LY``uHPP| yPE`dPL ukPPAnPL yUHPtPOQ ãFíPLQ eP aEDPFkPPArP cPFA``uhPFnPL, tPO``uHP tPOÿAhPFA``ukPP a``uçLgPF çpPOLmPFANP kPPrP``utPO hPFvhPF``uHP uyP, E`tPOE`nPL E`nPL``ujPL HPdPL``umPFjPLAE`jPL HPA aAdLU``u`rP umPF``u`bPL HPA E`tPOE`nPL E`nPL``ujPL kPPdPLAkPPArPP|

18 DPFArPAP| uyP ukPPhPF lPÈOLpPOLWvPF hPFvhPF``uHP, usPF ePvhPF aAvhPF``unPLrP E`lPEKPtPO sPFkPPlP çpPOLkPPArP dPL``uLÕPLrP ªPArPA dPLLÕPLnPLQbPL hPFvhPF``uHP ePHPM tPOAhPFArP anPLz dPLLÕPLoPF hPFvhPF``utPO pPOLAE`rP``uHPP|